The super project Essay Example

The super project Paper We chose to use the NPV method because it is the best method for capital budgeting and valuing a project or alternative. The NPV takes into account all of the relevant cash flows and the time value of money. When calculating NPV, we do not need to include the test market expenses, as they are sunk costs. We need to include any relevant overhead expenses, erosion costs from the Jell-O product line and the excess capacity used. When determining whether to accept or reject a project based on a NPV, as long as the NPV is positive the project or alternative should be accepted. Just the opposite, if the NPV is negative, the project or alternative should be rejected. In terms of a SWOT analysis for the project in general, one strength would be the strong market share that General Foods already has with their other strong products, jell-O for example. Another strength would be their knowledge of powdered desserts and similar products. One weakness that is prominent in this case is the fact that the new Super Product is taking away from the production of Jell-O, an already strong product. In terms of the opportunities, the product may flop, taking away possible gains General Foods could gain from developing a new different product. A threat to this case and General Foods is that of competitors. Competitors may try and copy the product or create a better alternative to General Foods Super Product. Analysis The Super Project has an initial investment of $200 and a pro rata share of facilities of $453 giving us a $653 total investment. This total investment will depreciate over the next ten periods. We will write a custom essay sample on The super project specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The super project specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The super project specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The first period only depreciates by 5% while the next nine will depreciate by 10%. After all the depreciation has occurred there will just be the salvage value remaining for the capital asset. With depreciation being paid each year there is a tax shield created. A tax shield is a deduction in income taxes that result from taking an allowable deduction from taxable income. To find out how much the tax shield the Super Project has, just take the amount of depreciation for that period and multiple it by the tax rate (52%). The tax rate used was the average tax rate over the past 10 years. Cost of Debt and cost of equity help get different rates that are an important factor in figuring out the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Cost of debt gives the interest rate General Foods would pay for all the current debts. While the cost of equity is the minimum rate of return that they must offer shareholders to keep them investing in their company. The Super Project has cost of debt of 1. 57% and cost of equity of 13%. This helps figure out the WACC which is the rate we expect to pay on average to all security holders to finance our assets. The WACC for the super project is 11. 77% which is less than the 13% rate of return that the shareholders are looking for. This tells us that the Super Project might not be the best idea. NPV is still the best measure for capital budgeting so we went ahead and did the calculations for it. To figure out the net present value we have to first figure out the cash flow. In 1968 we get earnings before income taxes of $283. This is the $643 total investment minus the $360 cost for test markets that we see as a sunk cost and are not including it as part of the Super Project. The cash flow generates positive revenue for the Super Project but we still have to factor in that the Super Project is eroding 20% of Jell-O causing their revenues to decrease along with their cash flow. After cash flow is figured out we are finally able to see what the NPV is. When calculating NPV you have to get the sum of discounted cash flows and add it to the initial investment. For the Super Project we get $298. 4 discounted cash flow + (653) fixed investment = (354. 6) NPV. With the NPV being a negative number, we know to reject the super project.

Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Essays

Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Essays Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Paper Compare And Contrast B Cells And T Cells Biology Essay Paper The epithelial surfaces of the organic structure service as an effectual barrier against most micro-organisms, and they are quickly repaired if wounded. Adaptive unsusceptibility is initiated when an innate immune response fails to extinguish a new infection, whereby an activated antigen showing cells ( APCs ) bearing pathogen s antigens are delivered to the run outing lymphoid tissues. An adaptative immune response differs from the innate unsusceptibility in its ability to aim constructions that are specific to peculiar strains and discrepancies of pathogen. T cells are produced in the bone marrow. They are transported still, as pro-thymocytes to the Thymus where they undergo the procedure of ripening and choice. The ordinance of T cell ripening in the Thymus is termed central tolerance . During gestation, most T cells generated bear the gamma/deta T cell receptor ( TcR ) on their surface. In the grownup, most T cells bear the alpha/beta TcR. The freshly formed TcR so, has to be tested for acknowledgment of self-MHC/peptide. The T cells are tested at a phase of development known as dual positive, intending that they bear both CD4 and CD8 receptors on their surface. Cells with TcRs that recognize self-MHC/peptide with really low affinity will decease. This procedure is known as decease by disregard. Cells with TcRs with medium affinity for MHC receive endurance signals and undergo a procedure known as positive choice. Finally, cells which receive a high affinity signal via their TcR dice by programmed cell death, a procedure known as neg ative choice. Cells that interact with MHC category I become CD8 positive T cell, and those that interact with MHC category II become CD4 positive T cells, before migrating out into the peripheral lymphoid system ( Wood P, 2006 ) . Mature B cells, like T cell, are besides develop signifier pluripotent root cells. However unlike T cells lymphocytes, B cell ripening occurs in the bone marrow. There are four different phases of B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, immature B, and mature B cells. During its development, B cells get B cell surface marker look such as B220, CD19, CD20, etc. every bit good as antigen receptors. The stromal cells run alonging the bone marrow provide indispensable growing signals to developing B cells, including cytokines such as IL7 and cell to cell contact, via VLA4/VCAM and Kit/SCF. During B cell development, cistron section rearrangements take topographic point, merely like in T cells where TcR rearrangements ( cardinal tolerance ) besides occur. However, for B cells, the Ig heavy concatenation cistron venue ( variable-V, joining-J and diversity-D sections ) , situated on chromosome 14, rearranges. In hematopoietic root cells, the Ig heavy concatenation cistrons are in germline constel lation ( Kurosaki T et al. , 2009 ) . As B cells develop to pro-B cells, a D-J recombination is the first cistron rearrangement to take topographic point. The intervening Deoxyribonucleic acid is usually deleted from the chromosome as a circle. Gene rearrangements are mediated by recombinase activitng cistrons, RAG proteins. As the development B cell returns from pro- to pre-B cell phase, a V-DJ cistron agreement takes topographic point to organize the VDJ cryptography block that encodes the variable sphere on the antibody heavy concatenation. Gene rearrangement takes topographic point on both transcripts of chromosome 14 in a development B cell, but one time a productive VDJ block has been assembled on one chromosome 14, rearrangement ceases on the other chromosome, guaranting merely one type of Ig is produced by any individual B cell. This procedure is known as allelomorphic exclusion. If a development B cell fails to do a productive VDJ block, it will neglect to bring forth antib ody heavy concatenation and dice in the bone marrow ( Murphy K et Al, 2008 ) . T and B cell activation: T cell activation takes topographic point in run outing lymph nodes ( besides spleen ) near to site of infection. T cell recognizes antigen on MHC ( Major Histocompatibility Complex ) molecules becomes activated and differentiates to effector cells. Effector T cells migrate to site of infection and transport out effector maps. The T lymphocytes arrive through venulas, and cross through the endothelial to the lymph nodes. Antigen showing cells such ( APC ) such as dendritic cells, and macrophages presented antigens to T cells. On acknowledgment of the antigen, a low affinity interaction is formed. These T cells so leave lymph node though the lymphatic system. Those T cells that recognize the antigen s wall with high affinity will be retained and the procedure of proliferation and distinction occurs. However, initial B cell activation takes topographic point in T cell zone of secondary lymphatic tissues ( i.e. in lyhmph nodes ) . Mostly IgM bring forthing plasma cells are produced at t his province. B cells, unlike T cells, are activated by the ineraction with antigen-specific T cell, by linked acknowledgment. Antigen-activated B cell migrates to B cell country of lymph nodes to organize organized originative Centres, where extra B cell distinction procedures take topographic point. It is of import to observe that T cells recognize the peptide, while B cells recognize the coat protein. For T and B lymph cell activation 2 signals are hypothesized to be required. First, the antigen stimulus signal and secondly, the co-stimulatory stimulation. The absence of the 2nd signal consequences in anergy or programmed cell death. CD28/B7 interaction is the co-stimulatory signals for T cells while CD40/CD40 ligand, on the activated T cells, interaction is for B cells. For both T and B lymph cells, in it resting G0 cell rhythm, the cell appear to hold a big karyon, with small cytol and demo small grounds of cell organs. However, when these cells enter G1/S/G2 cell rhythm, cell shows an addition in cell size, chromatin de-condensation is seen. Cell division occurs quickly, bring forthing effecter cells of either T or B lymph cells. Effector T cells include Th1, Th2 and T regulative, every bit good as T cytotoxic cell and memory T cells. On the other manus, effecter B cells include plasma cell and memory B cell. T and B cell effecter maps: B cell response to T-dependent protein antigen consequences in originative Centres formation in B cell countries of lymph nodes, and specialised procedures such as Ig class-switching, bodily mutant and affinity ripening, memory B cell and plasma cell coevals take topographic point at that place. Emerging form originative Centres are somatically mutated and class-switched B cells, which no longer merely bring forth IgM. Memory B cells are durable, resting and re-circulating cells, responsible for immunisation portion which helpto generate rapid and vigorous immune response on 2nd brush for that specific antigen. Plamablast cells migrate to other sites such as bone marrow, and go plasma cells, bring forthing big sums of secreted antibody. Some of which can populate for long periods. The effecter maps of B cells refer to what antibodies do after their contact with the antigen. The antibody effecter maps include neutralisation, complement arrested development ( IgM, IgG1/2/3 ) , oposoniz ation and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. In contrast, T cell effecter maps differ significantly from B cell effecter maps. Antigen showing cells present peptide via MHC which can either interact with CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Helper T cells are defined by the cytokines they produce. Naive CD4+ T cells ( Th0 ) , on interaction with APC, can distinguish to Th1 or Th2 cells, depending on the cytokine environment. Th1 cells co-ordinate inflammatory immune responses to intracellular pathogens while Th2 cells aid B cells to do antibodies required for immune responses to extracellular pathogens, this is known as humoral unsusceptibility. Th1 and Th2 cells both act to advance the coevals of more leucocytes. Besides Th0/Th1/Th2, other CD4+ T cell subsets exist ( Zhu J et al. , 2010 ) . Resting T cells can distinguish into activated assistant T cell, every bit good as activated cytotoxic T cell ( CD8+ T cell ) . Initially, CD8+ T cells interact with possible mark cells via low affinity/non-specific interactions between adhesion molecules on the T cell ( LFA-1 and CD2 ) and the mark cell ( ICAM1, ICAM2 ) . This interaction has no consequence on the cytoskeleton of the T cell and is a transeunt interaction unless acknowledgment of specific peptide: MHC composites occurs. If peptide: MHC I complex is present, the affinity of the adhesion molecule interaction additions and there is constellating of T cell receptor and associated molecules at the point of contact with the mark cell organizing the immunological synapse. This besides signals for cytoskeletal rearrangements organized by the microtubule forming complex which focuses the cytotoxic granules of the T cell at the point of contact with the mark. Notice here, that T cells, unlike B cells do non bring forth antibodies against antigens. Granules incorporating perforin and other enzymes including granzymes are released and bring on the activation of the cathepsin tracts in the mark cell taking to apoptosis. CD8+ T cells can besides kill mark cells via the Fas/FasL t ract which besides induces programmed cell death ( Peter EJ 2007 ) . In decision, adaptative immune responses occur when single lymphocytes capable of reacting to antigen proliferate and differentiate to go an antigen-specific effecter cells and memory cells. The procedure of lymph cell cell rhythm patterned advance, proliferation and distinction in response to antigen and stimulation is known as lymphocyte activation. B cell activation is initiated by the ligation of the B cell receptor ( BCR ) with antigen and finally consequences in the production of protective antibodies against potentially infective encroachers. While naif or memory T cells encounter foreign antigen along with proper co-stimulation they undergo rapid and extended clonal enlargement. In human, this type of proliferation is reasonably alone to cells of the adaptative immune system and requires a considerable outgo of energy and cellular resources.

Jaycee Lee Dugard - The Case of Jaycee Lee Dugard

Jaycee Lee Dugard - The Case of Jaycee Lee Dugard For years, she had smiled from her FBI missing child poster, one of those children who had been gone so long that no one expected them ever to be found alive. But Jaycee Lee Dugard turned up on Aug. 27, 2009, at a California police station 18 years after being abducted. According to authorities, Dugard was held in captivity all that time by a convicted sex offender who kept her in his backyard compound, sheltered in tents, sheds, and outbuildings in Antioch, California. Police arrested 58-year-old Phillip Garrido, who they said kept Dugard as a virtual slave and fathered two children by her. The children were ages 11 and 15 when Dugard resurfaced. Kidnapping, Rape Charges Filed Garrido and his wife, Nancy, were charged with conspiracy and kidnapping. Garrido was also charged with rape by force, lewd and lascivious acts with a minor, and sexual penetration. He was on parole from a Nevada state prison following a conviction of rape by force or fear. He was paroled in 1999. Dugards ordeal neared its end when California parole officials received a report that Garrido had been seen with two young children. They called him in for questioning but sent him home with instructions to return the following day. The next day, Garrido returned with his wife; Dugard, who was going by the name Allissa; and the two children. The investigators separated Garrido from the group so that they could interview Dugard. During the interview, she attempted to protect Garrido when investigators asked if she knew that he was a  sex offender. As the interview continued, Dugard became visibly agitated and made up a story about being an abused wife hiding from her husband in the Garrido home. As the interviews became more intensive, Dugard began to show signs of Stockholm Syndrome, in which a captive held long enough develops positive feelings for the captor. She became angry, demanding to know why she was being interrogated. Finally, Garrido broke down and told investigators he had kidnapped and raped Dugard. Only after his confession did she reveal her true identity. El Dorado County Undersheriff Fred Kollar said: None of the children have ever been to school, theyve never been to a doctor. They were kept in complete isolation in this compound, if you will. There was electricity from electrical cords, rudimentary outhouse, rudimentary shower, as if you were camping. It was here that Dugard had given birth to her two children. Reunited With Mother Authorities said Dugard appeared to be in good health when she arrived at a San Francisco Bay Area police station to be reunited with her mother, who was overjoyed to find her daughter alive. Also welcoming the news was Dugards stepfather, Carl Probyn, the last person to see her before she disappeared and a longtime suspect in the case. It broke my marriage up. Ive gone through hell; I mean Im a suspect up until yesterday, Probyn told The Associated Press at his home in Orange, California. Backyard Compound Investigators searched the home and property where Dugard had been held captive, expanding their search to an adjacent property looking for clues in other missing persons cases. Behind the Garrido home, investigators found what looked like a tented compound where Dugard and her children had lived. Inside they found a rug spread out with a bed on it. On the bed were several piles of clothing and boxes. Another tented area contained clothing, pictures, books, plastic storage containers, and toys. There were no modern conveniences except electrical lighting. According to court papers, Garrido had stopped having sex with Dugard around the time that she gave birth to her second child. Afterward, all five held themselves out to be a family, taking vacations and running a family business together. Mixed Emotions Phillip and Nancy Garrido pleaded not guilty to 29 counts, including forcible abduction, rape, and false imprisonment. When the Garridos were arrested, Dugard experienced mixed emotions. With counseling and medical care, she began to understand the terrible things that were done to her. Her attorney, McGregor Scott, said she was fully cooperating with the investigation because she understood that the Garridos needed to be held accountable for their crimes. $20 Million Settlement In February 2010, Dugard and her daughters, then 15 and 12, filed claims against the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, claiming the agency failed to do its job of properly supervising Garrido, who was supposed to be under parole supervision during much of the time he held Dugard captive. Parole officers never discovered Dugard and her daughters during the 10 years Garrido was under supervision. The lawsuit also claimed psychological, physical, and emotional damage. That July, the state offered Dugard a $20 million settlement mediated by retired San Francisco County Superior Court Judge Daniel Weinstein. The money will be used to buy the family a home, ensure privacy, pay for education, replace lost income. and cover what will likely be years of therapy, Weinstein told reporters. Guilty Pleas On April 28, 2011, the Garridos pleaded guilty to kidnapping and rape, sparing Dugard and her daughters from testifying at trial. On June 3, Phillip Garridos received a sentence of 431 years to life; Nancy Garridos was sentenced to 36 years to life. They made no eye contact with anyone and kept their heads down as Dugards mother, Terry Probyn, read a statement from her daughter: I chose not to be here today because I refuse to waste another second of my life in your presence...Everything you have ever done to me has been wrong and someday I hope you can see that...[A]s I think of all of those years I am angry because you stole my life and that of my family. Thankfully I am doing well now and no longer live in a nightmare. Nancy Garrido is imprisoned at the California Institution for Women in Corona, California. Phillip Garridos institution wasnt available in August 2019. Sources Martinez, Michael. Phillip, Nancy Garrido Sentenced in Jaycee Dugard Kidnapping. CNN.Glynn,  Casey. Nancy and Philip Garrido sentenced for Jaycee Lee Dugard kidnapping. CBS NewsCDCR Inmate Locator. California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.

Development of Catholic Church Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Development of Catholic Church - Research Paper Example This paper will discuss the development of the Catholic Church, the church fathers, their opponents, and the theological disputes the church fathers faced. The spreading of Christian religion was more successful in urban areas among people of low social class, aristocratic women and slaves. The first Catholic Church was not well organized, thus; they came up with a structured hierarchy where the Bishop had authority over clergy in his city. By the third century, many things had changed, and the Bishop of Rome solved problems that other Bishops could not solve thus acted as a court of appeal. The doctrine of the Catholic Church was refined by the church fathers. Many years later catholic teachings came to be defined by proto-orthodox teachings. Christians faced persecution due to their refusal to give up their God and worship the gods of the other religions. The non Christians and the authorities felt that Christians were threatening their peace and the prosperity of the Roman Empire, by annoying the gods. Christians faced accusation of incest and cannibalism due to their secrecy in their religious practice. Any unusual occurrence in the empire was blamed on the Christians claiming that the gods were angry, and this led to the persecution of more Christians in the Roman Empire. All residents, except the Jews, had to give sacrifices to the gods or risk being persecuted. However, all these events took a turn when Constantine became emperor of the Western Roman Empire. He declared that his victory was attributed to Christianity. He came up with a law that mandated the acceptance of all religions in the Empire. After the Western Roman Empire failure, there were competitions between the Catholic Church and Arianism to convert the Barbarian tribes. In the late 15th century explorers and the European missionaries spread Catholicism in America, Asia and Africa. The Catholic Church had Church fathers. Church fathers were early eminent Christian teachers, bishops and infl uential theologians. The church fathers faced a number of theological disputes. For, example, Jesus Christ in the Eucharist was a sign of contradiction to the early church fathers. Some people did not believe that the Eucharist was a representation of the body of Christ or the symbolic memorial of Christ’s death. The cross was also a point of dispute. It is believed that Jesus Christ died for man’s sin, yet the Catholics believe that we should obey God, love others and go through suffering and pain. This is a contradiction since Jesus suffered on the cross for man’s sins. Human embryo is also another contradiction. This was seen as a sign of dispute the church fathers engaged in because it is believed that, the embryo is already a human being and that human beings were created in the God’s likeness (Edward 23). Augustine of Hippo was a bishop of Regius. He believed that Christ’s grace is indispensable to the freedom of human Augustine was converted to Christianity after hearing the story of Placianus. This story inspired him and led to his conversion to Christianity. He gave up his social life and dedicated his life to serving God and practiced priesthood, including celibacy. According to him, his conversion was prompted by a voice he heard that was child like telling him, â€Å"tolle, lege† (â€Å"take up and read†). Augustine considered the fact that people believed the soul originated from God as

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Summary - Essay Example The difference between these two people lies in the way they perceive social situations. A shy person will do their best to avoid a social situation while exhibiting characteristics associated with inhibition of behavior, which implies that they are poor judges of social situations. On the other hand, an introvert does not prefer engaging in social situations since they consider such situations socially taxing. The society identifies introverts as people who appear problematic and are at a high propensity of suffering depression, or even HIV. Consequently, the society tends to associate introversion with negative aspects that discount the benefits of introversion, and especially in the workplace and other important spheres of life. Importantly, this societal norm fails to identify the importance of the cautious aspect that introverts highly exhibit. The aspect of being cautious helps introverts become better leaders than extroverts since they make better decisions as they are better listeners than extroverts. Walsh identifies the character of being an introvert as one that is inherent by either being inborn or inherited. In effect, introverts fake things that help them fit into the society and become more social than their natural self, which is their introvert-self. To accentuate the point on introversion being inborn, research on four-month old infants identified children who were highly reactive to stimuli as likely to become introverts in future. After following up on these subjects after they grew older, the subjects that the research had identified as highly reactive grew to become introverted teenagers. In this case, high reaction to stimuli is associated with cautiousness, which is a fundamental characteristic of introverts. Despite the society reproaching introverts while young, there are benefits associated with introverts. Unlike extroverts, who the idea of rewards arouses them over the prioritization of risks, introverts prioritize risks associated with a situation in order to make a decision. Hence, most successful businesspeople are introverts since they analyze the risks involved in every situation and make the right decisions since they are mindful of the risks involved. For this reason, Warren Buffet has become the world’s largest investor due to his introverted nature that helps him analyze risks involved before making an investment decision. In matters related to governance, Obama, an introvert, has made better decisions than his predecessors Bush and Clinton (extroverts) since he can analyze a situation and identify potential threats that might risk his career. Hence, Bush went to war in Iraq while Clinton was involved in the Lewinsky scandal, events which put the careers of the two at risk, since they failed to analyze the potential risks involved and made the wrong decisions. Other than the characteristic of being wary of the risks involved, introverts acquire transcendent skills in various fields related to s ports, music, and even in studies and in many other fields and professions. According to a researcher who grouped musicians in various categories, musicians who practiced, most of the time, in solitude exhibited awe-inspiring

Advantages and Disadvantages Working in Large Corporation Essay Example for Free

Advantages and Disadvantages Working in Large Corporation Essay Nowadays, many students prefer to work in a large corporation compared to starting their own business. This is because if they want to create their own business, they required experience and a lot of bankroll to control their business. Although there are many students who prefer working in a large corporation, somehow there are still advantages and disadvantage working in such corporation. First of all, work in a large corporation will give us a great working experience. In fact, such experience is important for everyone no matter what job he or she is in today society. Sometimes, large corporation may decide to send employees that are less capable to their headquarters to gain more experience and train them. Therefore, experience is important as same as skill. In contrast, the office polity may fix you in a category or department that is not your specialty and you can’t transfer it because the department that you want to transfer is enough employees. As you are inexperienced in that the department, it makes you incompetent and inefficient working in the organization. An example could be someone who is working in finance is required to work in production engineering which will make them not able to use their skill from one job to another. Next, working in a large corporation will provides an employee and workers a stable salary notwithstanding the corporation is gain profit or loss at the end of month or year. That means employee can disburden about their income every month and make them feel that is the responsibility to finish their work on time. Besides that, the employee has a lot of opportunities to promote to high post if he or she works in a large corporation. Nevertheless, because this advantages, there are a lot of competitor to fight for the job. The workers and employees always need to work hard in order to do well in their work and to make sure they do not lose their jobs. Such hard work and long hours will create too much of stress which is unhealthy to the body. Last but not least, working in a large corporation has reduced the risk compare to the people who start their own business. For example, the owner of the company needs to solve a lot of problem such as how to reduce the ompany’s expenses when the company losing money, whereas as an employee, they do not need to be worry about the company losses. On the other hand, if work in a large corporation, it may conflict with other department for the benefit of each other. This will affect the relationship between the employees and also the company working system. Overall, working in a large corporation has advantage and disadvantage to us but I am favor of working in a large c orporation because the amount of training and development and security working such corporation.

Mexico - A Special Place Essay -- essays research papers

Mexico - A Special Place It seemed at first like any other family trip with mom all excited and planning, my step dad telling everyone not to pack to much, getting on another plane, and then we land. First thing that I noticed was the heat, it made my knees buckle. Then looking around and seeing all the men with guns, everyone seems so serious going through the lines that have green and red light that either say that you can go or you have to be stopped and searched. It was scary seeing all of this right before my eyes. Everyone was speaking a language that I wasn’t understanding. All sorts of people running out to us trying to give us rides or selling stuff, I don’t really know because I don’t know what they were saying. Once we found the bus that my mom had reserved it was a long, hot, bumpy ride through poverty and dirtiness. What seemed like a ride that wouldn’t stop and seeing accidents and almost being in one myself, we finally reached a green, tropical area along the beach, where our condo was. The moment we got into the condo we all got our bathing suits on and ran to the beach. The first thing that I noticed was how hot the sand was. The sand wasn’t think the sand that was have in Washington, it was soft and clean and dry that was without rocks and sticks in it. We found a place to lay and put our stuff under one of the large umbrellas. When we went to go into the water I noticed something that I will never forget. The Mexicans where roped off from our area and all lined up wanting to sell us jewelry, shirts, hats, and pottery. My brother said that they tried to sell him some marijuana, but no one tried to sell me any of that stuff. Which is a good thing because I am only nine. I didn’t go to the ocean as fast as my brother and younger sister did. Or I didn’t do what my older sister did, which is flirt with the pool boys and try to get her tan started. I stayed with the people selling stuff. I kept thinking that I could swim any time but I could never talk and bargain and try to learn there language. I got so lost and I think that sometimes they had me say the wrong things because they laughed after having me say some phrase of theirs. I liked being the center of attention. I have learned so much about Mexico by just trying to talk to the venders. I even made friends that I think I will always remember and try to keep in touch with.   Ã‚  &nb... ...as the first trip. Being here at home and surrounded by our life with money, cars, school, and friends, I forget about the different life that others had in Mexico. I feel the excitement coming back to me every time mom wants to take a trip there. My first trip changed my whole perspective for other cultures and relly got me thinking about it would be like if I lived in Mexico or if I had to go through all of the poverty. It make me think how different my life would be if I lived there and thankful that I live where I do, but yet so excited to go down and meet all of the friendly people that can even remember me and my name when I see them. Mexico made me notice that with all of the friendly people down in Mexico and their not so great life style, that I now have a better understanding for everything that I have. Even though my life, my family life is different because it is just my mom and I now, when we go to Mexico I still feel the same way about Mexico as when I had my big fa mily. So I think that the place impacts me now with the same feelings no matter who I go with, it is just a special place. No matter how many times that I go to Mexico it is like the first time every time.

Catharsis Analysis Essay

As stated by Sophocles in Antigone, â€Å"Numberless are the world’s wonders, but none More wonderful than man† (Ode 1 1-2). Landscapes like the grand canyon, the wide expanse of oceans, weather, tall mountains are all magnificent features, but none as great as Man. Man is the only thing in this world, that has free will to think about anything or do anything whenever they want to. If one wants to dance, he or she is free to do so, if one wants to sing he or she can do so. Man can also feel emotions such as happiness, sadness, or even confusion. The purging of emotions in reaction to something especially tragedies or music is known as a catharsis. In Antigone by Sophocles, the audience experiences a catharsis for a variety of characters. Although their actions may seem overly dramatic due to the trivial matters that they stress about, Antigone, Creon, and Haemon provide for a catharsis through their tone during the situations they undergo. Antigone’s pitiful situation of standing alone against a strong king causes the audience to feel pity for her. As she faces her consequences for performing the â€Å"crime† of burying her brother, Antigone to all who are able to hear her, â€Å"Be witnesses for me, denied all pity, Unjustly judged!† (IV 29-30). Due to everyone’s fear of Creon, Antigone must stand alone with no one to help her and constantly face harassment for performing the traditions of her culture. The exclamation point reveals that her tone is one of anger and frustration as she knows that she is right, but her opinions are outnumbered by the fearful subjects of Creon. Antigone’s death is more than imminent. The audience sides with Antigone in compassion for Antigone is in a situation where hope is nonexistant. Antigone’s lack of help leads to the stark punishment of rotting in a tomb until her own death. In a situation where the life has no meaning, Antigone takes her own life and is later discovered by the messenger who reports the news to the Choragus. The messenger states that â€Å"We saw her lying: She had made a noose of her fine linen viel† (Exodus 58-60) proving the stress that Antigone had to go through while facing Creon alone. The bare situation that Antigone is in calls for a purge of emotions from the audience. Her suicide states that she did not want to deal with her life anymore to such an extent that it would  be better if she killed herself rather than take her chances. The tone of the moment when the messenger described the scene was one of melancholy and grief for everyone knew exactly what she went through and why. The helplessness of Antigone calls for sympathy from the readers. Haemon is another character who calls for a release of emotions by the audience. As Haemon learns of Antigone’s rising conflict with Creon over the burial of Polyneicies, Haemon confronts Creon by stating â€Å"I am your son, Father. You are my guide. You make things clear for me, and I obey you. No marriage means more to me than your continuing wisdom† (III 8-10). Haemon is engaged to Antigone, but now knowing that Creon craves for her death of, Haemon chooses to submit to his father’s desires. Haemon gives up his marriage due to his father revealing the love and loyalty Haemon has for his father. The audience lays compassion on Haemon in such a situation where his loyalty to his father costs him the love of his life. Later on in the story, the messenger comes with grave news to the Choragus which is revealed to be that â€Å"Haemon is dead; and the hand that killed him Is his own hand† (Exodus 19-20). Haemon’s enormous love for Antigone convinced him that without her he cannot leave providing a cheese movie romance that people crave. The desire for people of our day to have a love like this influences the audience to feel compassion for Haemon who died a loving man. Much like Romeo and Juliet, the two star-crossed lovers eventually meet their end due to the love for each other. The audience can only feel sorry for two lovers like this. In the end, Haemon’s situations and tone cause a purge of emotions to arise in the audience. Although Creon is seen as a villain throughout most of the story, Creon’s experiences influence the audience to experience emotions of compassion towards him. After the death of Haemon, Creon’s son, Creon states that his â€Å"own blind heart has brought me From darkness to final darkness. Here you see The father murdering, the murdered son–† (Exodus 87-90). Creon causes the death of his own son due to his role in causing the suicide of Antigone. Instead of acting as a father, Creon treated Haemon as any other subject who must obey his command and pays the consequences for doing so. Also, the diction Creon uses such as â€Å"blind† and â€Å"darkness† suggest a dark tone where  hope or happiness are unable to exist. The dark tone full of grief causes a catharsis due to the fact that Creon is going through extreme sadness. Shortly after the death of his own son, Creon learns of the death of his wife leaving him with nothing, but the crown he proudly held. In reaction, Creon exclaims â€Å"Let it come; Let death come quickly and be kind to me. I would not ever see the sun again† revealing the loss of hope in himself(Exodus 127-129). Creon, like Antigone, no longer wishes to go through the pain he experiences and wishes to be dead. Adding on, Creon’s tone is one of melancholy as evident by his use of â€Å"death† coming quickly to him. As a king, Creon can do nothing but live through this pain. To leave his kingdom would equally harm the people just as the deaths of his family harmed him. Despite starting as a villain, Creon was able to learn his lesson, but at a certain price and the audience pities him for losing so much. Creon’s losses provide a catharsis for the audience. The complexity of man stands as a wonder to many. The emotions that one may feel are massive in variety. Antigone, Creon, and Haemon cause a catharsis to arise within the audience’s thoughts. Some people can even relate to the situations allowing for a better connection and catharsis. The helpless situations that these characters experience and the tones that they portray push the audience to feel bad for these characters. The complexion found in man is yet to be fully understood and man’s potential measured. The question why we care for others in a world where survival of the fittest started as the first theory or the question of emotions and how they work are shrouded with mystery.

Discipline in School

Discipline is very important in a civilized life. Discipline can be defined as control over one's desires and obedient' to codes of behavior. If there is no discipline, there is confusion everywhere. Discipline is of great importance in school and at home. If there is no discipline in schools, it is not possible to imp education effectively. It is necessary to maintain law an order in the society. There should be discipline at home also. Children must be taught self-control. Parents themselves should keep discipline. Children should be taught the value discipline in childhood.A country cannot face extern wars if its armed forces are not disciplined . Unfortunately, there are not much discipline today schools, colleges and government offices. That is w India is facing many problems . Discipline is necessary for people in all walks folia Students studying in schools and colleges, Define personnel, industrial workers – all must have disciple Only then a nation can progress| A stu dent needs to be very punctual to his routine. He should be very regular and sincere to his studies. He should be hard working.He should always be ready and active in various other extracurricular activities. He should remain active and smart. He should learn how to face difficult situations and how to win over them. A student is the future of the country. It is he who has to take the responsibility of the country. He should be healthy and fit. Physical education is as important for students as to be studious and sincere at studies. A student should always be in good health and fitness. For this he should get up early in the morning. He should take exercise daily. He should play game of his choice daily.It is well known that a healthy body has a healthy mind. He is mind will be strong and sharp only when he is physically strong, fit and healthy. The biggest task of a student is to study. A student should be very devoted and sincere to his studies. He should be very punctual. He shou ld know the importance of time. He should regularly do his home work. He should have an urge to learn new things. He should have respect for his teachers and elders. He should be very cooperative with his friends. He should help the needy. Discipline demands self-control and dedication.One who cannot control himself cannot control others. He has to dedicate his individuality in the larger interest of society. Discipline is a virtue. It needs to be cultivated from early childhood. It cannot be developed overnight. It takes time and requires patience. When discipline is enforced, it fails to bring the desired result. True essence of discipline is lost when it is enforced . Student life is the formation period of life. The foundation of adulthood is laid down during the time. The man grows with the habits and manners acquired at that time. These things hardly change.So a student should be much disciplined in his student life. One who is disciplined raises high in life. Life of great me n is examples of discipline. The great men have made mark in their lives, because they strictly follow their goals with all the earnestness and sincerity. So, we should try to be disciplined from the early stage of life. Both at school and at home they should be made to follow the rules of discipline. Parents, teachers and elders have significant role to play. A student should always learn good habits. This will lead to the formation of a good society and nation as well. |

Natural environment Essay Example

Natural environment Essay Example Natural environment Essay Natural environment Essay Is racism still alive today? Yes it does. Racism is one of the worlds major issues today. Many people are not aware of how much racism still exists in our schools workforces, and anywhere else where social lives are occurring. It is obvious that racism is bad as it was many decades ago but it sure has not gone away. Racism very much exists and it is about time that people need to start thinking about the instigations and solutions to this matter. Many people believe that it depends on if a person was brought into the world as a racist or not but that is not the case at all.In fact, an individual cannot be born a racist but only learn to become one as they grow from child to adulthood. Some of the basic causes that keep racism alive today are stereotypes, unfamiliarity, selfishness and environmental factors. One of the most common causes of racism is stereotypes. Through television, through radio, through the internet, through music, through books, and the like, the potential for ster eo types to build are a definite possibility. When a person, especially one that is very young, is exposed to stereotypes of a specific group for the first time, then that person will assume all are that way.Likewise, when a source is constantly displaying negative things about a particular race, then that will affect the overall opinions as well. Another very common, and probably the most common cause of racism is unfamiliarity. People fear what they do not know or understand. If someone hasnt grown up around a particular race before, then there is more of a chance the person can be racist toward that particular group. Not all the time, but when the person has already been fed negative stereotypes, and does not have the actual real life experiences with at least one within the particular group, then the chances of racism are increased.This is why it is important for children to be around other races at a young age: to ensure they get their minds used and adapted to being around the m, and also to help counterbalance any false stereotypes they may encounter in the future. Selfishness is another obvious cause of racism. Humans are sometimes very selfish creatures caring only about their own at the expense of others. If individuals arent taught how to respect others, then the potential for the person to become racist is increased as well. This is why you will find that most caring individuals arent racist. Neither are they sexist or anything else.The lastly and probably the most surprising cause of racism is environmental causes. We are all made different biologically and genetically. Our physical environment can affect our biology and therefore, in many cases, affect our minds. This does not mean freewill and choice are not options, but that an individuals potential for racism could possibly be increased through certain environmental factors unknown to man. By default, racism is non-existent. However, things such as improper health maintenance, excess chemicals, head injuries, or other factors may help contribute to it.This should not be used as an excuse that racism has to persist, but more of a better chance to cure racism by enhancing biological health and medical technology, rather than thinking it can only be done by other means. Those are the 4 main causes of racism. As previously stated, racism is one of the most revolting things that paralyses humanity. To cure racism permanently, we must first address the root problems, which are: stereotypes, unfamiliarity, selfishness, and environmental aspects. When we cure and address those things, we will cure racism as well.We all have to learn, and to understand that we are all equal, that we all share the same planet, and that we have the same climate. People and their cultures depend on each other. Racism is a kind of illness. The society cannot get rid of it because there are still too many people who do not understand that we all live under the same sun, breathe the same air, and share the same world.Bibliography oppapers. com/subjects/racism-is-still-alive-page1. html http://voices. yahoo. com/racism-still-alive-today-29941. html? cat=9 democraticunderground. com/discuss/duboard. php? az=view_all;amp;address=3896589799

How to Form Subject and Object Questions in English

How to Form Subject and Object Questions in English The following rules apply to question formation in English. While a number of more advanced ways to form questions in English exist, simple English questions always follow these rules. Generally speaking, there are two types of questions: object  questions and subject questions. Object questions   Object questions are the most common types of questions in English. Object questions ask when, where, why, how, and if someone does something: Where do you live?Did you go shopping yesterday?When are they going to arrive next week? Subject questions Subject questions ask who or which person or object does something: Who lives there?Which car has the best safety features?Who bought that house? Auxiliary Verbs in Object Questions All tenses in English use auxiliary verbs. Auxiliary verbs are always placed before the subject in subject  questions in English, with the main form of the verb being placed after the subject.   Yes/No questions begin with the auxiliary verb: Auxiliary Verb Subject Main Verb Do you study French? Information questions begin with question words such as where, when, why, or how. How often did you visit Paris when you lived in France?How long have you lived here? Auxiliary Verbs  in Subject Questions Auxiliary verbs are placed after question words who, which, which kind of, and which type of in object questions. Drop the helping verb for present simple and past simple, as in positive sentences: Who/Which (kind of/type of) Auxiliary Verb Main Verb Which type of food provides the best nutrition?Who is going to speak at the conference next week?What type of company employs thousands of people? Finally, subject questions generally use simple tenses such as present simple, past simple and future simple. Object Questions Focus  on Tenses While its possible to form subject questions in each tense, the following examples focus on the use of object questions in a variety of tenses, as they are much more common. Present Simple/Past Simple/Future Simple   Use the auxiliary verb do/does for present simple questions and did for past simple questions plus the base form of the verb. Present Simple Where do they live?Do you play tennis?Does she go to your school? Past Simple When did you have lunch yesterday?Did they buy a new car last week?How did she do on the exam last month? Future Simple When will she visit us next?Where will you stay when you get there?What will we do?! Present Continuous/Past Continuous/Future Continuous Use the auxiliary verb is/are for present continuous questions and was/were for past continuous questions plus the present participle or ing form of the verb. Present Continuous What are you doing?Is she watching TV?Where are they playing tennis? Past Continuous What were you doing at six p.m.?What was she cooking when you came home?Were they studying when you walked into their room? Future Continuous What will you be doing next week at this time?What will she be speaking about?Will they be staying with you? Present Perfect / Past Perfect / Future Perfect Use the auxiliary verb have/has for present perfect questions and had for past perfect questions plus the past participle. Present Perfect Where has she gone?How long have they lived here?Have you visited France? Past Perfect Had they eaten before he arrived?What had they done that made him so angry?Where had you left the briefcase? Future Perfect Will they have finished the project by tomorrow?How much time will you have spent reading that book?When will I have completed my studies?! Exceptions to the Rule - To Be - Present Simple and Past Simple The verb to be takes no auxiliary verb in the present simple and past simple question form. In this case, place the verb to be before the subject to ask a question. To Be Present Simple Is she here?Are you married?Where am I? To Be Past Simple Were they at school yesterday?Where were they?Was she at school? This is the basic structure of all questions in English. There are, however, exceptions to these rules as well as other structures. Once you understand this basic structure, its also important to  continue learning about how to use indirect questions  and  tag questions.   Remember that questions are one of three forms for each sentence. There is always a positive, negative and question form for each sentence. Study your verb forms and youll be able to easily use each of these tenses to have conversations and ask questions effectively.

Are Leaders Born or Made Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Are Leaders Born or Made - Essay Example 9 Case Study Rolls Royce is a technology leader which employees 36,000 people in offices, manufacturing and service facilities operating in 50 countries. The company has long history of employee development but currently they are reexamining their development strategy. In 2005 a review of talent management which was up till now being managed locally within business units was done and new concept of talent management at global scale was introduced (Jane Yarnall, 2008). Rolls Royce realized the importance of talent management and that it should not be a standalone approach. Leaders can only emerge by identifying the potential talent at the grass root level and then nurtured and developed according to the organizational needs. The efforts which were previously been done at the regional level needs to be coordinated and aligned with each other and with organizational objectives to maximize its effectiveness and broadening its horizon. After reviewing their current policy and assessing it s strengths and weaknesses they charted out a number of steps for their global talent management program. A new stream of graduates was hired as trainee managers or the leadership graduates, developing a pool for future leadership. And as this pool of candidate grew in experience and maturity, succession planning was successful. This program had a clear and predefined set of roles and expectations from the line managers, while at the same time, there was development of a human resource database, keeping in mind the global focus. Career development and progression plans were developed and communicated objectively to the employees, for assuring and ensuring no conflicts by being absolutely objective, alongside coaching and mentoring. This, in turn, assisted the business to focus on leadership development with a strategic eye for the future requirements10(Jane Yarnall, 2008). The above charted out plans further strengthens the view that Rolls Royce also believed in the theory that lead ers are more made than born as suggested by Daft and a no of other writers on the theory of leadership development. Rolls Royce realizes the importance of the quality of human capital and strongly believes that the success of the company depends on how the management programs for all the employees have been established within the company. Before launching this global talent management program Rolls Royce actually conducted a self analysis survey to identify the weaknesses of the old development program. In this self analysis program they asked themselves the following questions. Where do they stand today? How healthy is their existing succession plan? A survey about internal and global demographics What metrics should they use? What kind of leadership is required for the future? An analysis of the need of future graduates Identification of real indicators of high potential What additional development programs are required An analysis of competitors leadership development program If we take a closer look at these questions then it reveals that it was actually a journey for the company through the stages of leadership development as suggested by Daft. Once it was decided at Rolls Royce that born leaders are a rare commodity and cannot be found easily, Since there is no